| Water category: | River |
| Pressure categories | Hazardous substances |
| Pressure detail | pH and Al |
| WFD Indicators- R | Phytoplancton Macrophytes and phytobenthos Benthic invertebrate fauna Fish Composition and abundance Disturbance Community structure |
| Specific Index | |
| Brief text description | Atlantic Salmon is more sensitive to Al than to pH reduction. |
| Long text description | While Atlantic Salmon is unaffected by H+ down to pH values lower than 5.4, the species is extinct in rivers having pH values lower than 5.5, and reduced abundance when pH is lower than 5.9, when the water also contains bio available aluminium. |
| History of development | |
| References | (Lacroix and Townsend, 1987. Responses of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to episodic increases in acidity of Nova Scotia rivers. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 44: 1475-1484.) and (Fivelstad et al., 2004. Lack of long-term sublethal effects of reduced freshwater pH alone on Atlantic salmon (salmo salar) smolts subsequently transferred to seawater. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 61: 511-518) and (Kroglund et al., 2002. Acidification and Atlantic salmon; critical limits for Norvegian rivers. NIVA-rapport 4501: 61s.) |
| Geographical region (GIG) - R | |
| Ecoregion - LR | |
| Country | |
| Geographical location of source data | |
| Reference conditions | Unknown |
| Development | Existing |
| Uncertainty | Unknown |
| Link to document store | No |
| BMW Toolbox | No |
| Entry status | Unvalidated |